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In my view, the Christian religion is the most important and one of the first things in which all children, under a free government ought to be instructed... No truth is more evident to my mind than that the Christian religion must be the basis of any government intended to secure the rights and privileges of a free people.
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1828 Noah Webster Dictionary
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1828.mshaffer.com › Word [calk]

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calk

CALK, v.t. cauk.

1. To drive oakum or old ropes untwised, into the seams of a ship or other vessel, to prevent their leaking, or admitting water. After the seams are filled, they are covered with hot melted pitch or rosin, to keep the oakum from rotting.

2. In some parts of America, to set upon a horse or ox shoes armed with sharp points of iron, to prevent their slipping on ice; that is, to stop from slipping.

CALK, n. Cauk. In New-England, a sharp pointed piece of iron on a shoe for a horse or an ox, called in Great Britain calking; used to prevent the animal from slipping.



Evolution (or devolution) of this word [calk]

1828 Webster1844 Webster1913 Webster

CALK, v.t. cauk.

1. To drive oakum or old ropes untwised, into the seams of a ship or other vessel, to prevent their leaking, or admitting water. After the seams are filled, they are covered with hot melted pitch or rosin, to keep the oakum from rotting.

2. In some parts of America, to set upon a horse or ox shoes armed with sharp points of iron, to prevent their slipping on ice; that is, to stop from slipping.

CALK, n. Cauk. In New-England, a sharp pointed piece of iron on a shoe for a horse or an ox, called in Great Britain calking; used to prevent the animal from slipping.


CALK, n. [cauk.]

In New-England, a sharp pointed piece of iron on a shoe for a horse or an ox, called in Great Britain calkin; used to prevent the animal from slipping.


CALK, v.t. [cauk; Qu. the connection of this word with the Sp. calafetear; It. calafatare; Port. calafetar; Arm. calefeti; Fr. calfeter, to smear with cement or mortar; Ar. قَلَفَ kalafa, to stop the seams of ships with fine moss, &c., and pay them over with pitch; Sam. id. It may be corrupted from this word; if not, it may be from the Dan. kalk, calx, lime or mortar; but this seems not probable. The Germans and Danes have borrowed the Spanish and French word to express the idea. Skinner deduces the word from Fr. calage, tow.]

  1. To drive oakum or old ropes untwisted, into the seams of a ship or other vessel, to prevent their leaking or admitting water. After the seams are filled they are covered with hot melted pitch or resin, to keep the oakum from rotting.
  2. In some parts of America, to set upon a horse or ox, shoes armed with sharp points of iron, to prevent their slipping on ice; that is, to stop from slipping.

Calk
  1. To drive tarred oakum into the seams between the planks of (a ship, boat, etc.), to prevent leaking. The calking is completed by smearing the seams with melted pitch.
  2. To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt style or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the paper or other thing against which it is laid or held.

    [Written also calque]

  3. A sharp-pointed piece of iron or steel projecting downward on the shoe of a horse or an ox, to prevent the animal from slipping; -- called also calker, calkin.
  4. To furnish with calks, to prevent slipping on ice; as, to calk the shoes of a horse or an ox.
  5. To make an indentation in the edge of a metal plate, as along a seam in a steam boiler or an iron ship, to force the edge of the upper plate hard against the lower and so fill the crevice.
  6. An instrument with sharp points, worn on the sole of a shoe or boot, to prevent slipping.
  7. To wound with a calk; as when a horse injures a leg or a foot with a calk on one of the other feet.
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Calk

CALK, verb transitive cauk.

1. To drive oakum or old ropes untwised, into the seams of a ship or other vessel, to prevent their leaking, or admitting water. After the seams are filled, they are covered with hot melted pitch or rosin, to keep the oakum from rotting.

2. In some parts of America, to set upon a horse or ox shoes armed with sharp points of iron, to prevent their slipping on ice; that is, to stop from slipping.

CALK, noun Cauk. In New-England, a sharp pointed piece of iron on a shoe for a horse or an ox, called in Great Britain calking; used to prevent the animal from slipping.

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IMPORT'ANCE, n.

1. Weight; consequence; a bearing on some interest; that quality of any thing by which it may affect a measure, interest or result. The education of youth is of great importance to a free government. A religious education is of infinite importance to every human being.

2. Weight or consequence in the scale of being.

Thy own importance know.

Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.

3. Weight or consequence in self-estimation.

He believes himself a man of importance.

4. Thing implied; matter; subject; importunity. [In these senses, obsolete.]

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