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In my view, the Christian religion is the most important and one of the first things in which all children, under a free government ought to be instructed... No truth is more evident to my mind than that the Christian religion must be the basis of any government intended to secure the rights and privileges of a free people.
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1828 Noah Webster Dictionary
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1828.mshaffer.comWord [under]

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under

UNDER, prep.

1. Beneath; below; so as to have something over or above. He stood under a tree; the carriage is under cover. We may see things under water; we have a cellar under the whole house.

2. In a state of pupilage or subjection; as a youth under a tutor; a ward under a guardian; colonies under the British government.

I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. Matt. 8.

3. In a less degree than. The effect of medicine is sometimes under and sometimes above or over its natural strength.

4. For less than. He would not sell the horse under forty pounds.

5. Less than; below. There are parishes in England under forty pounds a year.

6. With the pretense of; with the cover or pretext of. He does this under the name of love. This argument is not to be evaded under some plausible distinction.

7. With less than.

Several young men could never leave the pulpit under half a dozen conceits.

8. In a degree, state or rank inferior to.

It was too great an honor for any man under a duke.

9. In a state of being loaded; in a state of bearing or being burdened; as, to travel under a heavy load; to live under extreme oppression.

10. In a state of oppression or subjection to, the state in which a person is considered as bearing or having any thing laid upon him; as, to have fortitude under the evils of life; to have patience under pain, or under misfortunes; to behave like a christian under reproaches and injuries.

11. In a state of liability or obligation. No man shall trespass but under the pains and penalties of the law. Attend to the conditions under which you enter upon your office. We are under the necessity of obeying the laws. Nuns are under vows of chastity. We all lie under the curse of the law, until redeemed by Christ.

12. In the state of bearing and being known by; as men trading under the firm of Wright & Co.

13. In the state of; in the enjoyment or possession of. We live under the gospel dispensation.

14. During the time of. The American revolution commenced under the administration of lord North.

15. Not having reached or arrived to; below. He left three sons under age.

16. Represented by; in the form of. Morpheus is represented under the figure of a boy asleep. [But morph, in Ethiopic, signifies cessation, rest.]

17. In the state of protection or defense. Under favor of the prince, our author was promoted. The enemy landed under cover of their batteries.

18. As bearing a particular character.

The duke may be mentioned under the double capacity of a poet and a divine.

19. Being contained or comprehended in.

Under this head may be mentioned the contests between the popes and the secular princes.

20. Attested by; signed by. Here is a deed under his hand and seal.

He has left us evidence under his own hand.

21. In a state of being handled, treated or discussed, or of being the subject of. The bill is now under discussion. We shall have the subject under consideration next week.

22. In subordination to. Under God, this is our only safety.

23. In subjection or bondage to; ruled or influenced by; in a moral sense; within the dominion of.

They are all under sin. Rom. 3.

Under a signature, bearing, as a name or title.

Under way, in seamen's language, moving; in a condition to make progress.

To keep under, to hold in subjection or control; to restrain.

I keep under my body. 1Cor. 9.



Evolution (or devolution) of this word [under]

1828 Webster1844 Webster1913 Webster

UNDER, prep.

1. Beneath; below; so as to have something over or above. He stood under a tree; the carriage is under cover. We may see things under water; we have a cellar under the whole house.

2. In a state of pupilage or subjection; as a youth under a tutor; a ward under a guardian; colonies under the British government.

I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. Matt. 8.

3. In a less degree than. The effect of medicine is sometimes under and sometimes above or over its natural strength.

4. For less than. He would not sell the horse under forty pounds.

5. Less than; below. There are parishes in England under forty pounds a year.

6. With the pretense of; with the cover or pretext of. He does this under the name of love. This argument is not to be evaded under some plausible distinction.

7. With less than.

Several young men could never leave the pulpit under half a dozen conceits.

8. In a degree, state or rank inferior to.

It was too great an honor for any man under a duke.

9. In a state of being loaded; in a state of bearing or being burdened; as, to travel under a heavy load; to live under extreme oppression.

10. In a state of oppression or subjection to, the state in which a person is considered as bearing or having any thing laid upon him; as, to have fortitude under the evils of life; to have patience under pain, or under misfortunes; to behave like a christian under reproaches and injuries.

11. In a state of liability or obligation. No man shall trespass but under the pains and penalties of the law. Attend to the conditions under which you enter upon your office. We are under the necessity of obeying the laws. Nuns are under vows of chastity. We all lie under the curse of the law, until redeemed by Christ.

12. In the state of bearing and being known by; as men trading under the firm of Wright & Co.

13. In the state of; in the enjoyment or possession of. We live under the gospel dispensation.

14. During the time of. The American revolution commenced under the administration of lord North.

15. Not having reached or arrived to; below. He left three sons under age.

16. Represented by; in the form of. Morpheus is represented under the figure of a boy asleep. [But morph, in Ethiopic, signifies cessation, rest.]

17. In the state of protection or defense. Under favor of the prince, our author was promoted. The enemy landed under cover of their batteries.

18. As bearing a particular character.

The duke may be mentioned under the double capacity of a poet and a divine.

19. Being contained or comprehended in.

Under this head may be mentioned the contests between the popes and the secular princes.

20. Attested by; signed by. Here is a deed under his hand and seal.

He has left us evidence under his own hand.

21. In a state of being handled, treated or discussed, or of being the subject of. The bill is now under discussion. We shall have the subject under consideration next week.

22. In subordination to. Under God, this is our only safety.

23. In subjection or bondage to; ruled or influenced by; in a moral sense; within the dominion of.

They are all under sin. Rom. 3.

Under a signature, bearing, as a name or title.

Under way, in seamen's language, moving; in a condition to make progress.

To keep under, to hold in subjection or control; to restrain.

I keep under my body. 1Cor. 9.

UN'DER, prep. [Goth. undar; Sax. under; D. onder; G. unter; probably compounded of on and nether; on the nether side.]

  1. Beneath; below; so as to have something over or above. He stood under a tree; the carriage is under cover. We may see things under water; we have a cellar under the whole house.
  2. In a state of pupilage or subjection to; as, a youth under a tutor; a ward under a guardian; colonies under the British government. I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. Matth. viii.
  3. In a less degree than. The effect of medicine is sometimes under and sometimes above or over its natural strength. Hooker.
  4. For less than. He would not sell the horse under forty pounds.
  5. Less than; below. There are parishes in England under forty pounds a year.
  6. With the pretense of; with the cover or pretext of. He does this under the name of love. This argument is not to be evaded under some plausible distinction.
  7. With less than. Several young men could never leave the pulpit under half a dozen conceits. Swift.
  8. In a degree, state or rank inferior to. It was too great an honor for any man under a duke. Addison.
  9. In a state of being loaded; in a state of bearing or being burdened; as, to travel under a heavy load; to live under extreme oppression.
  10. In a state of oppression or subjection to, the state in which a person is considered as bearing or having any thing laid upon him; as, to have fortitude under the evils of life; to have patience under pain, or under misfortunes; to behave like a Christian under reproaches and injuries.
  11. In a state of liability or obligation. No man shall trespass but under the pains and penalties of the law. Attend to the condition under which you enter upon your office. We are under the necessity of obeying the laws. Nuns are under vows of chastity. We all lie under the curse of the law, until redeemed by Christ.
  12. In the state of bearing and being known by; as, men trading under the firm of Wright & Co.
  13. In the state of; in the enjoyment or possession of. We live under the Gospel dispensation.
  14. During the time of. The American revolution commenced under the administration of lord North.
  15. Not having reached or arrived to; below. He left three sons under age.
  16. Represented by; in the form of. Morpheus is represented under the figure of a boy asleep. [But morph, in Ethiopic, signifies cessation, rest.]
  17. In the state of protection or defense. Under favor of the prince, our author was promoted. The enemy landed under cover of their batteries.
  18. As bearing a particular character. The duke may be mentioned under the double capacity of a poet and a divine. Felton.
  19. Being contained or comprehended in. Under this head may be mentioned the contests between the popes and the secular princes. Lesley.
  20. Attested by; signed by. Here is a deed under his hand and seal. He has left us evidence under his own hand. Locke.
  21. In a state of being handled, treated or discussed, or of being the subject of. The bill is now under discussion. We shall have the subject under consideration next week.
  22. In subordination to. Under God, this is our only safety.
  23. In subjection or bondage to; ruled or influenced by; in a moral sense; within the dominion of. They are all under sin. Rom. iii. Under a signature, bearing, as a name or title. Under way, in seamen's language, moving; in a condition to make progress. To keep under, to hold in subjection or control; to restrain. I keep under my body. 1 Cor. ix.

UN'DER, a.

Lower in degree; subject; subordinate; as, an under officer; under sherif. Under is much used in composition. For the etymologies, see the principal words.


Un"der
  1. Below or lower, in place or position, with the idea of being covered; lower than; beneath; -- opposed to over; as, he stood under a tree; the carriage is under cover; a cellar extends under the whole house.

    Fruit put in bottles, and the bottles let down into wells under water, will keep long. Bacon.

    Be gathered now, ye waters under heaven,
    Into one place.
    Milton.

  2. In a lower, subject, or subordinate condition; in subjection; -- used chiefly in a few idiomatic phrases; as, to bring under, to reduce to subjection; to subdue; to keep under, to keep in subjection; to control; to go under, to be unsuccessful; to fail.

    I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection. 1 Cor. ix. 27.

    The minstrel fell, but the foeman's chain
    Could not bring his proud soul under.
    Moore.

    * Under is often used in composition with a verb to indicate lowness or inferiority in position or degree, in the act named by the verb; as, to underline; to undermine; to underprop.

  3. Lower in position, intensity, rank, or degree; subject; subordinate; -- generally in composition with a noun, and written with or without the hyphen; as, an undercurrent; undertone; underdose; under-garment; underofficer; undersheriff.

    Under covert (Zoöl.), one of the feathers situated beneath the bases of the quills in the wings and tail of a bird. See Illust. under Bird.

  4. Denoting relation to some thing or person that is superior, weighs upon, oppresses, bows down, governs, directs, influences powerfully, or the like, in a relation of subjection, subordination, obligation, liability, or the like; as, to travel under a heavy load; to live under extreme oppression; to have fortitude under the evils of life; to have patience under pain, or under misfortunes; to behave like a Christian under reproaches and injuries; under the pains and penalties of the law; the condition under which one enters upon an office; under the necessity of obeying the laws; under vows of chastity.

    Both Jews and Gentiles . . . are all under sin. Rom. iii. 9.

    That led the embattled seraphim to war
    Under thy conduct.
    Milton.

    Who have their provand
    Only for bearing burdens, and sore blows
    For sinking under them.
    Shak.

    (b)

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Under

UNDER, preposition

1. Beneath; below; so as to have something over or above. He stood under a tree; the carriage is under cover. We may see things under water; we have a cellar under the whole house.

2. In a state of pupilage or subjection; as a youth under a tutor; a ward under a guardian; colonies under the British government.

I also am a man under authority, having soldiers under me. Matthew 8:8.

3. In a less degree than. The effect of medicine is sometimes under and sometimes above or over its natural strength.

4. For less than. He would not sell the horse under forty pounds.

5. Less than; below. There are parishes in England under forty pounds a year.

6. With the pretense of; with the cover or pretext of. He does this under the name of love. This argument is not to be evaded under some plausible distinction.

7. With less than.

Several young men could never leave the pulpit under half a dozen conceits.

8. In a degree, state or rank inferior to.

It was too great an honor for any man under a duke.

9. In a state of being loaded; in a state of bearing or being burdened; as, to travel under a heavy load; to live under extreme oppression.

10. In a state of oppression or subjection to, the state in which a person is considered as bearing or having any thing laid upon him; as, to have fortitude under the evils of life; to have patience under pain, or under misfortunes; to behave like a christian under reproaches and injuries.

11. In a state of liability or obligation. No man shall trespass but under the pains and penalties of the law. Attend to the conditions under which you enter upon your office. We are under the necessity of obeying the laws. Nuns are under vows of chastity. We all lie under the curse of the law, until redeemed by Christ.

12. In the state of bearing and being known by; as men trading under the firm of Wright _ Co.

13. In the state of; in the enjoyment or possession of. We live under the gospel dispensation.

14. During the time of. The American revolution commenced under the administration of lord North.

15. Not having reached or arrived to; below. He left three sons under age.

16. Represented by; in the form of. Morpheus is represented under the figure of a boy asleep. [But morph, in Ethiopic, signifies cessation, rest.]

17. In the state of protection or defense. under favor of the prince, our author was promoted. The enemy landed under cover of their batteries.

18. As bearing a particular character.

The duke may be mentioned under the double capacity of a poet and a divine.

19. Being contained or comprehended in.

UNDER this head may be mentioned the contests between the popes and the secular princes.

20. Attested by; signed by. Here is a deed under his hand and seal.

He has left us evidence under his own hand.

21. In a state of being handled, treated or discussed, or of being the subject of. The bill is now under discussion. We shall have the subject under consideration next week.

22. In subordination to. under God, this is our only safety.

23. In subjection or bondage to; ruled or influenced by; in a moral sense; within the dominion of.

They are all under sin. Romans 3:9.

UNDER a signature, bearing, as a name or title.

UNDER way, in seamen's language, moving; in a condition to make progress.

To keep under to hold in subjection or control; to restrain.

I keep under my body. 1 Corinthians 9:20.

UN'DER, adjective Lower in degree; subject; subordinate; as an under officer; under sheriff.

UNDER is much used in composition. For the etymologies, see the principal words.

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Word of the Day

importance

IMPORT'ANCE, n.

1. Weight; consequence; a bearing on some interest; that quality of any thing by which it may affect a measure, interest or result. The education of youth is of great importance to a free government. A religious education is of infinite importance to every human being.

2. Weight or consequence in the scale of being.

Thy own importance know.

Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.

3. Weight or consequence in self-estimation.

He believes himself a man of importance.

4. Thing implied; matter; subject; importunity. [In these senses, obsolete.]

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TROLLOPEE', n. Formerly, a loose dress for females.

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