STAND, v.i. pret. and pp. stood. [This verb, if from the root of G., is a derivative from the noun, which is formed from the participle of the original verb. In this case, the noun should properly precede the verb. It may be here remarked that if stan is the radical word, stand and L. Sto cannot be from the same stock. But stand in the pret. is stood, and sto forms steti. This induces a suspicion that stan is not the root of stand, but that n is casual. I am inclined however to believe these words to be from different roots. The Russ. Stoyu, to stand, is the L. sto, but it signifies also to be, to exist, being the substantive verb.]

1. A stop; a halt; as, to make a stand; to come to a stand; either in walking or in any progressive business. The horse made a stand, when he charged them and routed them. – Clarendon.
2. A station; a place or post where one stands; or a place convenient for persons to remain for any purpose. The sellers of fruit have their several stands in the market. I took my stand upon an eminence. – Spectator.
3. Rank; post; station. Father, since your fortune did attain / So high a stand, I mean not to descend. – Daniel. [In lieu of this, standing is now used. He is a man of high standing in his own country.]
4. The act of opposing. We have come off / Like Romans; neither foolish in our stands, / Nor cowardly in retire. – Shak.
5. The highest point; or the ultimate point of progression, where a stop is made, and regressive motion commences. The population of the world will not come to a stand, while the means of subsistence can be obtained. The prosperity of the Roman empire came to a stand in the reign of Augustus; after which it declined. Vice is at stand, and at the highest flow. – Dryden.
6. A young tree, usually reserved when the other trees are cut. [English.]
7. A small table; as a candle-stand; or any frame on which vessels and utensils may be laid.
8. In commerce, a weight of from two hundred and a half to three hundred of pitch. – Encyc.
9. Something on which a thing rests or is laid; as, a hay-stand.
10. The place where a witness stands to testify in court. Stand of arms, in military affairs, a musket with its usual appendages, as a bayonet, cartridge-box, &c. Marshall. To be at a stand, to stop on account of some doubt or difficulty; hence, to be perplexed; to be embarrassed; to hesitate what to determine, or what to do.

1. To be upon the feet, as an animal; not to sit, kneel or lie. The absolution to be pronounced by the priest alone, standing. – Com. Prayer. And the king turned his face about and blessed all the congregation of Israel, and all the congregation of Israel stood. – 1 Kings viii.
2. To be erect, supported by the roots, as a tree or other plant. Notwithstanding the violence of the wind, the tree yet stands.
3. To be on its foundation; not to be overthrown or demolished; as, an old castle is yet standing.
4. To be placed or situated; to have a certain position or location. Paris stands on the Seine. London stands on the Thames.
5. To remain upright, in a moral sense; not to fall. To stand or fall, / Free in thy own arbitrament it lies. – Milton.
6. To become erect. Mute and amaz'd, my hair with horror stood. – Dryden.
7. To stop; to halt; not to proceed. I charge thee, stand, / And tell thy name. – Dryden.
8. To stop; to be at a stationary point. Say, at what part of nature will they stand? – Pope.
9. To be in a state of fixedness; hence, to continue; to endure. Our constitution has stood more than fifty years. It is hoped it will stand for ages. Commonwealths by virtue ever stood. – Dryden.
10. To be fixed or steady; not to vacillate. His mind stands unmoved.
11. To be in or to maintain a posture of resistance or defense. Approach with charged bayonets; the enemy will not stand. The king granted the Jews to stand for their life. – Esth. viii.
12. To be placed with regard to order or rank. Note the letter that stands first in order. Gen. Washington stood highest in public estimation. Christian charity stands first in the rank of gracious affections.
13. To be in any particular state; to be, emphatically expressed, that is, to be fixed or set; the primary sense of the substantive verb. How does the value of wheat stand? God stands in no need of our services, but we always stand in need of his aid and mercy. Accomplish what your signs foreshow; / I stand resign'd. – Dryden.
14. To continue unchanged or valid; not to fail or become void. No conditions of our peace can stand. – Shak. My mercy will keep for him, and my covenant shall stand fast with him. – Ps. lxxxix.
15. To consist; to have its being and essence. Sacrifices … which stood only in meats and drinks. – Heb. ix.
16. To have a place. This excellent man, who stood not on the advantage-ground before, provoked men of all qualities. Clarendon.
17. To be in any state. Let us see how our matters stand. As things now stand with us. – Calamy.
18. To be in a particular respect or relation; as, to stand godfather to one. We ought to act according to the relation we stand in toward each other.
19. To be, with regard to state of mind. Stand in awe, and sin not. – Ps. iv.
20. To succeed to maintain one's ground; not to fail; to acquitted; to be safe. Readers by whose judgment I woold stand or fall. – Spectator.
21. To hold a course at sea; as, to stand from the shore; to stand for the harbor. From the same parts of heav'n his navy stands. – Dryden.
22. To have a direction. The wand did not really stand to the metal, when placed under it. – Boyle.
23. To offer one's self as a candidate. He stood to be elected one of the proctors of the university. – Saunderson.
24. To place one's self; to be placed. I stood between the Lord and you at that time. Deut. v.
25. To stagnate; not to flow. Or the black water of Pomptina stands. – Dryden.
26. To be satisfied or convinced. Though Page be a secure fool, and stand so firmly on his wife's frailty. – Shak.
27. To make delay. I can not stand to examine every particular.
28. To persist; to persevere. Never stand in a lie when thou art accused. – Taylor.
29. To adhere; to abide. Despair would stand to the sword. – Daniel.
30. To be permanent; to endure; not to vanish or fade; the color will stand. To stand by, to be near; to be a spectator; to be present. I stood by when the operation was performed. This phrase generally implies that the person is inactive, or takes no part in what is done. In seamen's language, to stand by is to attend and be ready. Stand by the haliards. #2. To be aside; to be placed aside with disregard. In the mean time, we let the commands stand by neglected. – Decay of Piety. #3. To maintain; to defend; to support; not to desert. I will stand by my friend to the last. Let us stand by our country. “To stand by the Arundelian marbles,” in Pope, is to defend or support their genuineness. #4. To rest on for support; to be supported. This reply standeth by conjecture. – Whitgifte. To stand for, to offer one's self as a candidate. How many stand for consulships? Three. – Shak. #2. To side with; to support; to maintain, or to profess or attempt to maintain. We all stand for freedom, for our rights or claims. #3. To be in the place of; to be the substitute or representative of. A cipher at the left hand of a figure stands for nothing. I will not trouble myself, whether these names stand for the same thing, or really include one another. – Locke. #4. In seamen's language, to direct the course toward. To stand from, to direct the course from. To stand one in, to cost. The coat stands him in twenty dollars. To stand in, or stand in for, in seamen's language, is to direct a course toward land or a harbor. To stand it, to be able to support one's self in trials of strength or suffering. To stand off, to keep at a distance. – Dryden. #2. Not to comply. – Shak. #3. To keep at a distance in friendship or social intercourse; to forbear intimacy. We stand off from an acquaintance with God. – Atterbury. #4. To appear prominent; to have relief. Picture is best when it standeth off, as if it were carved. – Wotton. To stand off, or off from, in seamen's language, is to direct the course from land. To stand off and on, is to sail toward land and then from it. To stand out, to project; to be prominent. Their eyes stand out with fatness. – Ps. lxxiii. #2. To persist in opposition or resistance; not to yield or comply; not to give way or recede. His spirit is come in, / That so stood out against the holy church. – Shak. #3. With seamen, to direct the course from land or a harbor. To stand to, to ply; to urge efforts; to persevere. Stand to your tackles, mates, and stretch your oars. – Dryden. #2. To remain fixed in a purpose or opinion. I will stand to it, that this is his sense. – Stillingfleet. #3. To abide by; to adhere; as, to a contract, assertion, promise, &c.; as, to stand to an award; to stand to one's word. #4. Not to yield; not to fly; to maintain the ground. Their lives and fortunes were put in safety, whether they stood to it or ran away. – Bacon. To stand to sea, to direct the course from land. To stand under, to undergo; to sustain. – Shak. To stand up, to rise from sitting; to be on the feet. #2. To arise in order to gain notice. Against whom when the accusers stood up, they brought no accusation of such things as I supposed. – Acts. xxv. #3. To make a party. When we stood up about the corn. – Shak. To stand up for, to defend; to justify; to support, or attempt to support; as, to stand up for the administration. To stand upon, to concern; to interest. Does it not stand upon them to examine the grounds of their opinion? This phrase is, I believe, obsolete; but we say, it stands us in hand, that is, it is our concern, it is for our interest. #2. To value; to pride. We highly esteem and stand much upon our birth. – Ray. #3. To insist; as, to stand upon security. – Murk. To stand with, to be consistent. The faithful servants of God will receive what they pray for, so far as stands with his purposes and glory. It stands with reason that they should be rewarded liberally. – Davies. To stand together, is used, but the last two phrases are not in very general use, and are perhaps growing obsolete. To stand against, to oppose; to resist. To stand fast, to be fixed; to be unshaken or immovable. To stand in hand, to be important to one's interest; to be necessary or advantageous. It stands us in hand to be on good terms with our neighbors. To stand fire, to receive the fire of an enemy without giving way.

1. To endure; to sustain; to bear. I can not stand the cold or the heat.
2. To endure; to resist without yielding or receding. So had I stood the shock of angry fate. – Smith. He stood the furious foe. – Pope.
3. To await; to suffer; to abide by. Bid him disband the legions … / And stand the judgment of a Roman senate. – Addison. To stand one's ground, to keep the ground or station one has, taken; to maintain one's position; in a literal or figurative sense; as, an army stands its ground, when it is not compelled to retreat. A man stands his ground in an argument, when he is able to maintain it, or is not refuted. To stand it, to bear; to be able to endure; or to maintain one's ground or state; a popular phrase. To stand fire, to receive the fire of arms from an enemy without giving way. To stand trial, is to sustain the trial or examination of a cause; not to give up without trial.

1. To be at rest in an erect position] to be fixed in an upright or firm position
   
   
   ; as: (a)
2. To endure; to sustain; to bear; as, I can not stand the cold or the heat.
3. The act of standing.
   
   

   I took my stand upon an eminence . . . to look into thier several ladings. Spectator.

4. To be, or signify that one is, willing to play with one's hand as dealt.
5. To occupy or hold a place; to have a situation; to be situated or located; as, Paris stands on the Seine.
   
   

   Wite ye not where there stands a little town? Chaucer.

6. To resist, without yielding or receding; to withstand.
   
   
   "Love stood the siege." Dryden.

   He stood the furious foe. Pope.

7. A halt or stop for the purpose of defense, resistance, or opposition; as, to come to, or to make, a stand.
   
   

   Vice is at stand, and at the highest flow. Dryden.

8. To cease from progress; not to proceed; to stop; to pause; to halt; to remain stationary.
   
   

   I charge thee, stand,
   And tell thy name. Dryden.

   The star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was. Matt. ii. 9.

9. To abide by; to submit to; to suffer.
   
   

   Bid him disband his legions, . . .
   And stand the judgment of a Roman senate. Addison.

10. A place or post where one stands; a place where one may stand while observing or waiting for something.
    
    

    I have found you out a stand most fit,
    Where you may have such vantage on the duke,
    He shall not pass you. Shak.

11. To remain without ruin or injury; to hold good against tendencies to impair or injure; to be permanent; to endure; to last; hence, to find endurance, strength, or resources.
    
    

    My mind on its own center stands unmoved. Dryden.

12. To set upright; to cause to stand; as, to stand a book on the shelf; to stand a man on his feet.
13. A station in a city or town where carriages or wagons stand for hire; as, a cab stand.
    
    
    Dickens.
14. To maintain one's ground; to be acquitted; not to fail or yield; to be safe.
    
    

    Readers by whose judgment I would stand or fall. Spectator.

15. To be at the expense of; to pay for; as, to stand a treat.
    
    
    [Colloq.] Thackeray.

    To stand fire, to receive the fire of arms from an enemy without giving way. -- To stand one's ground, to keep the ground or station one has taken; to maintain one's position. "Peasants and burghers, however brave, are unable to stand their ground against veteran soldiers." Macaulay. -- To stand trial, to sustain the trial or examination of a cause; not to give up without trial.

16. A raised platform or station where a race or other outdoor spectacle may be viewed; as, the judge's or the grand stand at a race course.
17. To maintain an invincible or permanent attitude; to be fixed, steady, or firm; to take a position in resistance or opposition.
    
    
    "The standing pattern of their imitation." South.

    The king granted the Jews . . . to gather themselves together, and to stand for their life. Esther viii. 11.

18. A small table; also, something on or in which anything may be laid, hung, or placed upright; as, a hat stand; an umbrella stand; a music stand.
19. To adhere to fixed principles; to maintain moral rectitude; to keep from falling into error or vice.
    
    

    We must labor so as to stand with godliness, according to his appointment. Latimer.

20. A place where a witness stands to testify in court.
21. To have or maintain a position, order, or rank; to be in a particular relation; as, Christian charity, or love, stands first in the rank of gifts.
22. The situation of a shop, store, hotel, etc.; as, a good, bad, or convenient stand for business.
    
    
    [U. S.]
23. To be in some particular state; to have essence or being; to be; to consist.
    
    
    "Sacrifices . . . which stood only in meats and drinks." Heb. ix. 10.

    Accomplish what your signs foreshow;
    I stand resigned, and am prepared to go. Dryden.

    Thou seest how it stands with me, and that I may not tarry. Sir W. Scott.

24. Rank; post; station; standing.
    
    

    Father, since your fortune did attain
    So high a stand, I mean not to descend. Daniel.

25. To be consistent; to agree; to accord.
    
    

    Doubt me not; by heaven, I will do nothing
    But what may stand with honor. Massinger.

26. A state of perplexity or embarrassment; as, to be at a stand what to do.
    
    
    L'Estrange.
27. To hold a course at sea; as, to stand from the shore; to stand for the harbor.
    
    

    From the same parts of heaven his navy stands. Dryden.

28. A young tree, usually reserved when other trees are cut; also, a tree growing or standing upon its own root, in distinction from one produced from a scion set in a stock, either of the same or another kind of tree.
29. To offer one's self, or to be offered, as a candidate.
    
    

    He stood to be elected one of the proctors of the university. Walton.

30. A weight of from two hundred and fifty to three hundred pounds, -- used in weighing pitch.
    
    

    Microscope stand, the instrument, excepting the eyepiece, objective, and other removable optical parts. -- Stand of ammunition, the projectile, cartridge, and sabot connected together. -- Stand of arms. (Mil.) See under Arms. -- Stand of colors (Mil.), a single color, or flag. Wilhelm (Mil. Dict.) -- To be at a stand, to be stationary or motionless; to be at a standstill; hence, to be perplexed; to be embarrassed. -- To make a stand, to halt for the purpose of offering resistance to a pursuing enemy.

    Syn. -- Stop; halt; rest; interruption; obstruction; perplexity; difficulty; embarrassment; hesitation.

31. To stagnate; not to flow; to be motionless.
    
    

    Or the black water of Pomptina stands. Dryden.

32. To measure when erect on the feet.
    
    

    Six feet two, as I think, he stands. Tennyson.

33. To be or remain as it is; to continue in force; to have efficacy or validity; to abide.
    
    
    Bouvier. (b)