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In my view, the Christian religion is the most important and one of the first things in which all children, under a free government ought to be instructed... No truth is more evident to my mind than that the Christian religion must be the basis of any government intended to secure the rights and privileges of a free people.
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1828 Noah Webster Dictionary
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1828.mshaffer.com › Word [grind]

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grind

GRIND, v.t. pret. and pp. ground. [This word, if n is radical, may be allied to rend; if not, it coincides with grate; to make smooth, as mollis in L., allied to molo.]

1. To break and reduce to fine particles or powder by friction; to comminute by attrition; to triturate.

Take the millstones and grind meal. Is.16.

We say, to grind meal, but this is an elliptical phrase. The true phrase is, to grind corn to meal.

2. To break and reduce to small pieces by the teeth.

3. To sharpen by rubbing or friction; to wear off the substance of a metallic instrument, and reduce it to a sharp edge by the friction of a stone; as, to grind an ax or scythe.

4. To make smooth; to polish by friction; as, to grind glass.

5. To rub one against another.

Harsh sounds--and the grinding of one stone against another, make a shivering or horror in the body and set the teeth on edge.

6. To oppress by severe exactions; to afflict cruelly; to harass; as, to grind the faces of the poor Is.3.

7. To crush in pieces; to ruin. Matt.21.

8. To grate; as grinding pains.

GRIND, v.i. To perform the operation of grinding; to move a mill.

1. To be moved or rubbed together, as in the operation of grinding; as the grinding jaws.

2. To be ground or pulverized by friction.

Corn will not grind well before it is dry.

3. To be polished and made smooth by friction. Glass grinds smooth.

4. To be sharpened by grinding. Steel grinds to a fine edge.


Evolution (or devolution) of this word [grind]

1828 Webster1844 Webster1913 Webster

GRIND, v.t. pret. and pp. ground. [This word, if n is radical, may be allied to rend; if not, it coincides with grate; to make smooth, as mollis in L., allied to molo.]

1. To break and reduce to fine particles or powder by friction; to comminute by attrition; to triturate.

Take the millstones and grind meal. Is.16.

We say, to grind meal, but this is an elliptical phrase. The true phrase is, to grind corn to meal.

2. To break and reduce to small pieces by the teeth.

3. To sharpen by rubbing or friction; to wear off the substance of a metallic instrument, and reduce it to a sharp edge by the friction of a stone; as, to grind an ax or scythe.

4. To make smooth; to polish by friction; as, to grind glass.

5. To rub one against another.

Harsh sounds--and the grinding of one stone against another, make a shivering or horror in the body and set the teeth on edge.

6. To oppress by severe exactions; to afflict cruelly; to harass; as, to grind the faces of the poor Is.3.

7. To crush in pieces; to ruin. Matt.21.

8. To grate; as grinding pains.

GRIND, v.i. To perform the operation of grinding; to move a mill.

1. To be moved or rubbed together, as in the operation of grinding; as the grinding jaws.

2. To be ground or pulverized by friction.

Corn will not grind well before it is dry.

3. To be polished and made smooth by friction. Glass grinds smooth.

4. To be sharpened by grinding. Steel grinds to a fine edge.

GRIND, v.i.

  1. To perform the operation of grinding; to move a mill. Milton.
  2. To be moved or rubbed together, as in the operation of grinding; as, the grinding jaws. Rowe.
  3. To be ground or pulverized by friction. Corn will not grind well before it is dry.
  4. To be polished and made smooth by friction. Glass grinds smooth.
  5. To be sharpened by grinding. Steel grinds to a fine edge.

GRIND, v.t. [pret. and pp. ground. Sax. grindan. This word, if n is radical, may be allied to rend; if not, it coincides with grate. See Class Rn, No. 9, to make smooth, as mollis in L. allied to molo.]

  1. To break and reduce to fine particles or powder by friction; to comminute by attrition; to triturate. Take the millstones and grind meal. Is. xlvii. We say, to grind meal, but this is an elliptical phrase. The true phrase is, to grind corn to meal.
  2. To break and reduce to small pieces by the teeth. Dryden.
  3. To sharpen by rubbing or friction; to wear off the substance of a metallic instrument, and reduce it to a sharp edge by the friction of a stone; as, to grind an ax or sythe.
  4. To make smooth; to polish by friction; as, to grind glass.
  5. To rub one against another. Harsh sounds, and the grinding of one stone against another, make a shivering or horror in the body and set the teeth on edge. Bacon.
  6. To oppress by severe exactions; to afflict cruelly; to harass; as, to grind the faces of the poor. Is. iii.
  7. To crush in pieces; to ruin. Matth. xxi.
  8. To grate; as, grinding pains. Dryden.

Grind
  1. To reduce to powder by friction, as in a mill, or with the teeth; to crush into small fragments; to produce as by the action of millstones.

    Take the millstones, and grind meal. Is. xivii. 2.

  2. To perform the operation of grinding something; to turn the millstones.

    Send thee
    Into the common prison, there to grind.     Milton.

  3. The act of reducing to powder, or of sharpening, by friction.
  4. To wear down, polish, or sharpen, by friction; to make smooth, sharp, or pointed; to whet, as a knife or drill; to rub against one another, as teeth, etc.
  5. To become ground or pulverized by friction; as, this corn grinds well.
  6. Any severe continuous work or occupation; esp., hard and uninteresting study.

    [Colloq.] T. Hughes.
  7. To oppress by severe exactions; to harass.

    To grind the subject or defraud the prince. Dryden.

  8. To become polished or sharpened by friction; as, glass grinds smooth; steel grinds to a sharp edge.
  9. A hard student; a dig.

    [College Slang]
  10. To study hard for examination.

    [College Slang]
  11. To move with much difficulty or friction; to grate.
  12. To perform hard and distasteful service; to drudge; to study hard, as for an examination.

    Farrar.
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Grind

GRIND, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive ground. [This word, if n is radical, may be allied to rend; if not, it coincides with grate; to make smooth, as mollis in Latin , allied to molo.]

1. To break and reduce to fine particles or powder by friction; to comminute by attrition; to triturate.

Take the millstones and grind meal. Isaiah 16:1.

We say, to grind meal, but this is an elliptical phrase. The true phrase is, to grind corn to meal.

2. To break and reduce to small pieces by the teeth.

3. To sharpen by rubbing or friction; to wear off the substance of a metallic instrument, and reduce it to a sharp edge by the friction of a stone; as, to grind an ax or scythe.

4. To make smooth; to polish by friction; as, to grind glass.

5. To rub one against another.

Harsh sounds--and the grinding of one stone against another, make a shivering or horror in the body and set the teeth on edge.

6. To oppress by severe exactions; to afflict cruelly; to harass; as, to grind the faces of the poor Isaiah 3:15.

7. To crush in pieces; to ruin. Matthew 21:44.

8. To grate; as grinding pains.

GRIND, verb intransitive To perform the operation of grinding; to move a mill.

1. To be moved or rubbed together, as in the operation of grinding; as the grinding jaws.

2. To be ground or pulverized by friction.

Corn will not grind well before it is dry.

3. To be polished and made smooth by friction. Glass grinds smooth.

4. To be sharpened by grinding. Steel grinds to a fine edge.

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Un-corrupted definitions.

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IMPORT'ANCE, n.

1. Weight; consequence; a bearing on some interest; that quality of any thing by which it may affect a measure, interest or result. The education of youth is of great importance to a free government. A religious education is of infinite importance to every human being.

2. Weight or consequence in the scale of being.

Thy own importance know.

Nor bound thy narrow views to things below.

3. Weight or consequence in self-estimation.

He believes himself a man of importance.

4. Thing implied; matter; subject; importunity. [In these senses, obsolete.]

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